Research and Development into Advanced Approach and Landing Operations Utilizing GBAS

Satellite navigation based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is used to an ever-increasing extent in aircraft operations. The Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) supports safe approach and landing, even under weather conditions with low visibility. As well as additional information to enhance the reliability of GNSS satellite signals, its ground facility also broadcasts data blocks on approach paths. When the GBAS is compared with a conventional instrument landing system (ILS), prominent GBAS advantages include not only scope to support precision approaches with multiple approach paths but also eliminating the need for protection areas of ILS radio waves on runways, which might improve runway throughput. Leveraging these advantages could allow a more flexible approach and landing operations and reduce environmental loads. Expected benefits include reduced fuel consumption and noise and enhanced capacity of congested airports.

ENRI is conducting a research and development program to support the entire approach and landing phase, from selecting the approach path in the initial precision approach phase to the runway exit in the final landing phase. Our goals include developing the concept of operations (CONOPs), clarifying their operational constraints for the advanced approach and landing with increased glide path angles, the secondary touchdown point on the same runway in addition to the ordinary approach path. Key program subjects include improving the collision risk model (CRM) required to design and evaluate the advanced approach paths safely, conceptual development of pilot support tools and various simulation-based experiments to evaluate how runway throughput can be further streamlined via advanced operations.

Signals are sent from the GNSS satellites to the Ground-Based Augmentation System and the plane:Precision Approach with an Increased Glide Path Angle. The VBD antenna sends signals to each intruding aircraft(Ordinary Precision, Precision Approach with an Increased Glide Path Angle, Precision Approach with the Secondary Aiming Point). It provides runway departure support.